Khmer
Khmer is a Unicode block containing characters for writing the Khmer, or Cambodian, language.
The Khmer alphabet or Khmer script (IPA: ) is an abugida, which means that it's a consonant-driven script. It's used to write the Khmer language (the official language of Cambodia). Apart from that, the script is applied for Pali in the Buddhist liturgy of Cambodia and Thailand.
The origins of Khmer go back to the Pallava script, which it was adopted from. Pallava is a variant of the Grantha alphabet descended from the Brahmi script, which was used in southern India and South East Asia during the 5th and 6th centuries AD. I know, this chain seems complicated, but doesn't all linguistics? Anyway, the oldest Khmer inscription was found at Angkor Borei District in Takéo Province south of Phnom Penh and it dates back to 611.
As for the modern Khmer script, it differs a lot from its precedent forms on the inscriptions of the Angkor ruins. The Thai0E00–0E7F and Lao0E80–0EFF scripts have descended from an older form of the Khmer script.
Khmer is written from left to right. Words within one sentence or phrase usually come together with no spaces between them. Consonant clusters within a word are “stacked”, with the second (and occasionally third) consonant being written in reduced form under the main consonant. Originally there were 35 consonant characters, but modern Khmer uses only 33. Each character in fact represents a consonant sound together with an inherent vowel – either â or ô.
You might remember that Khmer is an abugida. That's why vowel sounds are more commonly represented as dependent vowels – additional marks accompanying a consonant character, and indicating what vowel sound is to be pronounced after that consonant (or consonant cluster). Most dependent vowels have two different pronunciations, depending in most cases on the inherent vowel of the consonant to which they are added. In some positions, a consonant written with no dependent vowel is taken to be followed by the sound of its inherent vowel.
Needless to say, there are also a number of diacritics used to indicate further modifications in pronunciation. The script also includes its own numerals and punctuation marks.
Properties
| Range | 1780–17FF |
| Characters | 128 |
List of Characters
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Consonants
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Khmer Letter Kaក
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Khmer Letter Khaខ
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Khmer Letter Koគ
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Khmer Letter Khoឃ
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Khmer Letter Ngoង
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Khmer Letter Caច
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Khmer Letter Chaឆ
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Khmer Letter Coជ
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Khmer Letter Choឈ
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Khmer Letter Nyoញ
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Khmer Letter Daដ
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Khmer Letter Tthaឋ
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Khmer Letter Doឌ
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Khmer Letter Tthoឍ
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Khmer Letter Nnoណ
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Khmer Letter Taត
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Khmer Letter Thaថ
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Khmer Letter Toទ
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Khmer Letter Thoធ
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Khmer Letter Noន
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Khmer Letter Baប
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Khmer Letter Phaផ
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Khmer Letter Poព
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Khmer Letter Phoភ
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Khmer Letter Moម
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Khmer Letter Yoយ
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Khmer Letter Roរ
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Khmer Letter Loល
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Khmer Letter Voវ
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Khmer Letter Shaឝ
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Khmer Letter Ssoឞ
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Khmer Letter Saស
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Khmer Letter Haហ
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Khmer Letter Laឡ
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Khmer Letter Qaអ
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Deprecated independent vowels for transliteration
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Khmer Independent Vowel Qaqឣ
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Khmer Independent Vowel Qaaឤ
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Independent vowels
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Khmer Independent Vowel Qiឥ
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Khmer Independent Vowel Qiiឦ
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Khmer Independent Vowel Quឧ
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Khmer Independent Vowel Qukឨ
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Khmer Independent Vowel Quuឩ
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Khmer Independent Vowel Quuvឪ
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Khmer Independent Vowel Ryឫ
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Khmer Independent Vowel Ryyឬ
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Khmer Independent Vowel Lyឭ
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Khmer Independent Vowel Lyyឮ
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Khmer Independent Vowel Qeឯ
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Khmer Independent Vowel Qaiឰ
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Khmer Independent Vowel Qoo Type Oneឱ
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Khmer Independent Vowel Qoo Type Twoឲ
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Khmer Independent Vowel Qauឳ
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Inherent vowels
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Khmer Vowel Inherent Aq឴
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Khmer Vowel Inherent Aa឵
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Dependent vowel signs
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Khmer Vowel Sign Aaា
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Khmer Vowel Sign Iិ
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Khmer Vowel Sign Iiី
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Khmer Vowel Sign Yឹ
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Khmer Vowel Sign Yyឺ
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Khmer Vowel Sign Uុ
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Khmer Vowel Sign Uuូ
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Khmer Vowel Sign Uaួ
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Two-part dependent vowel signs
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Khmer Vowel Sign Oeើ
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Khmer Vowel Sign Yaឿ
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Khmer Vowel Sign Ieៀ
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Dependent vowel signs
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Khmer Vowel Sign Eេ
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Khmer Vowel Sign Aeែ
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Khmer Vowel Sign Aiៃ
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Two-part dependent vowel signs
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Khmer Vowel Sign Ooោ
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Khmer Vowel Sign Auៅ
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Various signs
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Khmer Sign Nikahitំ
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Khmer Sign Reahmukះ
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Khmer Sign Yuukaleapintuៈ
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Consonant shifters
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Khmer Sign Muusikatoan៉
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Khmer Sign Triisap៊
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Various signs
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Khmer Sign Bantoc់
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Khmer Sign Robat៌
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Khmer Sign Toandakhiat៍
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Khmer Sign Kakabat៎
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Khmer Sign Ahsda៏
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Khmer Sign Samyok Sannya័
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Khmer Sign Viriam៑
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Khmer Sign Coeng្
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Lunar date sign
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Khmer Sign Bathamasat៓
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Various signs
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Khmer Sign Khan។
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Khmer Sign Bariyoosan៕
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Khmer Sign Camnuc Pii Kuuh៖
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Khmer Sign Lek Tooៗ
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Khmer Sign Beyyal៘
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Khmer Sign Phnaek Muan៙
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Khmer Sign Koomuut៚
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Currency symbol
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Khmer Currency Symbol Riel៛
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Various signs
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Khmer Sign Avakrahasanyaៜ
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Khmer Sign Atthacan៝
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Not defined
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Not defined
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Digits
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Khmer Digit Zero០
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Khmer Digit One១
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Khmer Digit Two២
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Khmer Digit Three៣
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Khmer Digit Four៤
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Khmer Digit Five៥
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Khmer Digit Six៦
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Khmer Digit Seven៧
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Khmer Digit Eight៨
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Khmer Digit Nine៩
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Not defined
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Not defined
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Not defined
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Not defined
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Not defined
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Not defined
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Numeric symbols for divination lore
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Khmer Symbol Lek Attak Son៰
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Khmer Symbol Lek Attak Muoy៱
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Khmer Symbol Lek Attak Pii៲
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Khmer Symbol Lek Attak Bei៳
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Khmer Symbol Lek Attak Buon៴
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Khmer Symbol Lek Attak Pram៵
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Khmer Symbol Lek Attak Pram-Muoy៶
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Khmer Symbol Lek Attak Pram-Pii៷
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Khmer Symbol Lek Attak Pram-Bei៸
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Khmer Symbol Lek Attak Pram-Buon៹
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Not defined
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Not defined
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Not defined
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Not defined
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Not defined
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Not defined
Table of Characters
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ក1780
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ខ1781
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គ1782
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ឃ1783
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ង1784
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ច1785
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ឆ1786
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ជ1787
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ឈ1788
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ញ1789
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ដ178A
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ឋ178B
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ឌ178C
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ឍ178D
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ណ178E
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ត178F
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ថ1790
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ទ1791
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ធ1792
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ន1793
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ប1794
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ផ1795
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ព1796
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ភ1797
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ម1798
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យ1799
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រ179A
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ល179B
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វ179C
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ឝ179D
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ឞ179E
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ស179F
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ហ17A0
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ឡ17A1
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អ17A2
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ឣ17A3
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ឤ17A4
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ឥ17A5
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ឦ17A6
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ឧ17A7
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ឨ17A8
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ឩ17A9
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ឪ17AA
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ឫ17AB
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ឬ17AC
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ឭ17AD
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ឮ17AE
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ឯ17AF
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ឰ17B0
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ឱ17B1
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ឲ17B2
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ឳ17B3
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឴17B4
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឵17B5
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ា17B6
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ិ17B7
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ី17B8
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ឹ17B9
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ឺ17BA
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ុ17BB
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ូ17BC
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ួ17BD
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ើ17BE
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ឿ17BF
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ៀ17C0
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េ17C1
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ែ17C2
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ៃ17C3
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ោ17C4
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ៅ17C5
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ំ17C6
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ះ17C7
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ៈ17C8
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៉17C9
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៊17CA
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់17CB
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៌17CC
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៍17CD
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៎17CE
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៏17CF
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័17D0
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៑17D1
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្17D2
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៓17D3
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។17D4
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៕17D5
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៖17D6
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ៗ17D7
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៘17D8
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៙17D9
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៚17DA
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៛17DB
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ៜ17DC
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៝17DD
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17DE
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17DF
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០17E0
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១17E1
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២17E2
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៣17E3
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៤17E4
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៥17E5
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៦17E6
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៧17E7
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៨17E8
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៩17E9
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17EA
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17EB
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17EC
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17ED
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17EE
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17EF
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៰17F0
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៱17F1
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៲17F2
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៳17F3
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៴17F4
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៵17F5
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៶17F6
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៷17F7
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៸17F8
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៹17F9
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17FA
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17FB
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17FC
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17FD
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17FE
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17FF